Skip to main content

12. Classical Administrative theories

Classical administrative theories, also known as traditional administrative theories, laid the foundation for modern public administration. These theories emerged during the late 19th and early 20th centuries and continue to influence administrative practices today. Here are some key classical administrative theories:

1. **Scientific Management (Taylorism)**: Developed by Frederick W. Taylor, scientific management aimed to maximize efficiency by systematically analyzing and optimizing work processes. It emphasized time-motion studies, task specialization, and the use of incentives to increase worker productivity.

2. **Administrative Management (Fayolism)**: Henri Fayol's administrative management theory focuses on principles of management applicable to all types of organizations. Fayol identified functions of management (e.g., planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, controlling) and principles (e.g., unity of command, scalar chain) that should guide administrative actions.

3. **Bureaucratic Theory (Weberian)**: Max Weber's bureaucratic theory emphasizes the importance of a rational and hierarchical organization. It outlines the characteristics of an ideal bureaucracy, including division of labor, hierarchy of authority, rules and regulations, impersonality, and merit-based selection.

4. **Classical Organizational Theory (Gulick and Urwick)**: Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick expanded on Fayol's principles by proposing the concept of POSDCORB, which stands for Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting. This framework is often used in organizational management.

5. **Principle of Span of Control (Fay and Mooney)**: This principle suggests that there is an optimal number of subordinates that a manager can effectively supervise. It influenced organizational design and management structures.

6. **Scalar Principle (Fay)**: Fay's scalar principle emphasizes the importance of a clear chain of command and communication within an organization. It ensures that instructions flow from top to bottom in an orderly manner.

7. **Unity of Command (Fayol)**: The unity of command principle states that each employee should have only one direct supervisor to avoid confusion and conflicts in instructions.

These classical administrative theories were instrumental in shaping the field of public administration and management. While contemporary administrative theories have evolved to address the complexities of the modern world, the principles and concepts introduced by these classical theories continue to serve as a foundation for understanding and organizing administrative practices in both public and private sectors.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

9. Historical development of Public Administration

The historical development of public administration is a complex and multifaceted journey that has evolved over centuries. It can be traced through various historical periods and significant milestones. Here's a simplified overview of the historical development of public administration: 1. **Ancient Civilizations**:    - Public administration traces its roots to ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome.    - Ancient governments employed administrators to collect taxes, maintain records, and manage public affairs. 2. **Feudalism and the Middle Ages**:    - During the Middle Ages in Europe, feudal systems prevailed, with lords and vassals overseeing local governance.    - The Catholic Church played a significant role in administration and charity. 3. **Renaissance and Enlightenment**:    - The Renaissance and Enlightenment eras in Europe saw the emergence of political philosophy and ideas about governance.   ...
Post a Comment
Read more

20. Government agency

A government agency, also known as a public agency or governmental agency, is a permanent or semi-permanent organization established by a government to perform specific functions, provide services, or regulate various aspects of public life. These agencies are an integral part of the public sector and are responsible for implementing government policies, laws, and regulations at the federal, state, or local levels. Key characteristics of government agencies include: 1. **Mission and Function**: Government agencies have specific missions and functions that align with government policies and priorities. These functions can be diverse and range from delivering social services and enforcing laws to conducting research and managing public resources. 2. **Authority**: Government agencies derive their authority from legislation or executive orders, granting them the legal power to carry out their designated roles. They have the authority to make and enforce rules and regulations within their ...
Post a Comment
Read more

35. Budgeting process and techniques in public service

The budgeting process in public service involves the planning, allocation, and management of financial resources to achieve government objectives while ensuring fiscal responsibility and accountability. Various techniques are employed to create effective public budgets. Here are the key steps in the budgeting process and common techniques used in public service: **Budgeting Process in Public Service:** 1. **Preparation and Planning**: This initial stage involves setting budgetary goals and objectives aligned with government priorities. Agencies identify their financial needs and develop budget requests. 2. **Budget Formulation**: During this phase, detailed budgets are developed by government agencies. It includes estimating revenues (taxes, grants, etc.) and allocating resources to various programs, departments, and projects. 3. **Review and Approval**: Budget proposals undergo review by budget offices, finance committees, and legislative bodies. Adjustments and negotiations may occur...
Post a Comment
Read more